North Korea said on Monday it had successfully test-fired a new type of medium- to long-range ballistic missile.

North Korea said on Monday it had successfully test-fired a new type of medium- to long-range ballistic missile a day earlier, claiming further advancement in a weapons programme it is pursuing in violation of United Nations resolutions.
The United States, Japan and South Korea requested urgent UN Security Council consultations on the test, with a meeting expected on Monday afternoon, an official in the US mission to the United Nations said.
North Korea fired the ballistic missile on a high arc into the sea early on Sunday, the first test of US President Donald Trump’s vow to get tough on an isolated regime that tested nuclear devices and ballistic missiles last year at an unprecedented rate.
Japan said on Monday further sanctions against Pyongyang could be discussed at the United Nations, and called on China to take a “constructive” role in responding to the latest launch.
China is North Korea’s main ally and trading partner but is irritated by Pyongyang’s repeated provocations, although it resists calls from the United States and others that it should be doing more to rein in its neighbour.
North Korea has conducted five nuclear tests, including two last year, although its claims to be able to miniaturise a nuclear weapon to be mounted on a missile have never been verified independently.
“We have asked China via various levels to take constructive actions as a permanent member of the UN Security Council and we will continue to work on it. At the same time, Japan will continue to urge North Korea to exercise self-restraint from provocative actions and comply with UN resolutions,” Japan’s Chief Cabinet Secretary Yoshihide Suga said on Monday.
China had yet to comment publicly on the launch on Monday.
It flew about 500 km towards Japan, landing off the east coast of the Korean peninsula.
The missile was propelled by a solid fuel engine and was an upgraded, extended-range version of its submarine-launched ballistic missile that was tested successfully last August.
South Korea’s military said on Monday the missile had been launched using a “cold-eject” system, whereby it is initially lifted by compressed gas before flying under the power of its rocket, a system used for submarine-launched missiles.
North Korea’s pursuit of large solid-fuelled missiles was “a very concerning development”, said Jonathan McDowell of the Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
“This new rocket is the type that we should be much more worried about. Solid fuel rockets can be launched at short notice without much preparation,” he said in an email.
The North’s Rodong Sinmun newspaper showed pictures of a missile fired from a mobile launch vehicle resembling a tank, with a flame appearing only after it had risen clear of the vehicle.
Before Sunday, the North’s two most recent missile tests had taken place in October. Both were of intermediate-range Musudan missiles and both failed, according to U.S. and South Korean officials.
A U.S. official said at the weekend the Trump administration had been expecting a North Korean “provocation” soon after taking office.
“Large solid fuel motors are difficult to make work correctly so this is indeed a significant advance by North Korea,” McDowell said.
In addition to launching more quickly, solid fuel engines also boost the power and range of ballistic rockets.
The test also verified a “feature of evading interception” and “the mobility and operation of the new type missile launching truck”.
The latest test came a day after Trump held a summit meeting with Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe, and also followed Trump’s phone call last week with Chinese President Xi Jinping.
In brief comments standing beside Abe in Palm Beach, Florida, Trump said: “I just want everybody to understand, and fully know, that the United States of America is behind Japan, our great ally, 100 percent.”
Trump and his aides are likely to weigh a series of possible responses, including new U.S. sanctions to tighten financial controls, an increase in naval and air assets in and around the Korean peninsula, and accelerated installation of new missile defence systems in South Korea, the administration official said.
However, the official said that, given that the missile was believed not to have been an ICBM and that Pyongyang had not carried out a new nuclear explosion, any response would seek to avoid ratcheting up tensions.
A fully developed ICBM could threaten the continental United States, which is about 9,000 km (5,500 miles) from North Korea.
South Korea’s finance ministry said it would act “swiftly and firmly” if financial markets reacted to the missile launch.
Kim said in his New Year speech the North was close to test-launching an ICBM and state media have said such a launch could come at any time.